write arabic

In the Arabic language when you write any single word you have to connect its entire letters together. Every connected group of letters forms a word.

The Arabic alphabets can be categorized in terms of how they are connected into three main categories:

Group (1) :

Letters that you can connect them with letters before and after them. These letters include: ب، ت، ث، ج، ح، خ، س، ش، ص، ض، ط، ظ، ع، غ، ف، ق، ك، ل، م، ن، هـ، ي

For example: the letter (ب) is always connected regardless where it is: بيت، مبرور، لهب

The only exception is when these letters are preceded with any of the letters of Group (2). For example: (رب)

Group (2):

د، ذ، ر، ز، و، لا

Letters of this group has the following characteristics:

i) If they are at the beginning of the word, then nothing can connect to them. Examples: ولد، رجل

ii) If they are preceded by any letter of Group (1) then they will connect to them. Examples: لو، قول،

iii) if they are not the first letter and they are preceded or followed by any letter of the same group, then they will not connect to them. Examples: مدرسة، رزق

Group (3)

This has only one letter (أ). This letter has very complicated rules of how to write it based on its location in the word and its movement. Don't worry about these rules for now. You just need to know that if you see any of the following forms then it is actually (أ) أ ، إ ، ـئـ، ء، ئ، ؤ

The following table shows how each letter is written depending on its location:

Letter	Beginning	Middle	End	All
أ	أ	ـأ	ـأ	أأأ
ب	بـ	ـبـ	ـب	ببب
ت	تـ	ـتـ	ـت	تتت
ث	ثـ	ـثـ	ـث	ثثث
ج	جـ	ـجـ	ـج	ججج
ح	حـ	ـحـ	ـح	ححح
خ	خـ	ـخـ	ـخ	خخخ
د	د	ـد	ـد	ددد
ذ	ذ	ـذ	ـذ	ذذذ
ر	ر	ـر	ـر	ررر
ز	ز	ـز	ـز	ززز
س	سـ	ـسـ	ـس	سسس
ش	شـ	ـشـ	ـش	ششش
ص	صـ	ـصـ	ـضـ	ـض
ط	طـ	ـطـ	ـط	ططط
ظ	ظـ	ـظـ	ـظ	ظظظ
ع	عـ	ـعـ	ـع	ععع
غ	غـ	ـغـ	ـغ	غغغ
ف	فـ	ـفـ	ـف	ففف
ق	قـ	ـقـ	ـق	ققق
ك	كـ	ـكـ	ـك	ككك
ل	لـ	ـلـ	ـل	للل
م	مـ	ـمـ	ـم	ممم
ن	نـ	ـنـ	ـن	ننن
هـ	هـ	ـهـ	ـه	ههه
ا	ا	ـا	ـا	ااا
و	و	ـو	ـو	ووو
ي	يـ	ـيـ	ـي	ييي

Final comments:

1- The letter (ت) has special treatment when written at the end of the word. There are 2 ways to write it, either ـت or ـة. For now, you don't need to know when to write each method. You only need to know that the second method (ـة) , when you are reading, if it is your last word that you pronounce then you read it as the letter (هـ), otherwise, your pronounce it (ت).

2- Sometimes, the letter (ا) is written as (ى) if it is the last letter in the word. (ى) is similar to the last letter (ي) except it does not have two dots below. Don't bother yourself about when to use each of the two shapes; just keep in mind that (ى) is actually (ا).